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  1. (Elecconsulting, Korea)
  2. (Technology Convergence Head Quarter KORAIL, Korea)



EMTP, Concentric-neutral line, Combined distribution line, Lighting over voltage, Concrete pole

1. ์„œ๋ก 

๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ฐฐ์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต์€ 22.9kV ๋‹ค์ค‘์ ‘์ง€๋กœ ์ „์ฃผ ์ƒ๋ถ€ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ ์ด ์ง๊ฒฉ๋‚™๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ ˆ์—ฐํ˜‘์กฐ ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ ‘์ง€ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งค ์ „์ฃผ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„  ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์ „์ฃผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ์ ‘์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค(1).

์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋‚™๋ขฐ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„  ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์ ‘์ง€์„ ๊ณผ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์ „์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์œ„์ƒ์Šน ์™„ํ™” ๋ฐ ์„ค๋น„ ํŒŒ์† ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚™๋ขฐ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ƒ์šฉ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง„ํ–‰ํŒŒ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋กœ ์„œ์ง€์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค(ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค)์™€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฌผ์ฒด์˜ ์žฌ์งˆ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํ˜•์ƒ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค(2,3).

ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹ค์ค‘์ ‘์ง€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์ฃผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹จ๋… ์ ‘์ง€์„  ๋Œ€๋น„ 2๋ฐฐ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Ÿฌ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” 1/2 ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ž‘์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค(4). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‡Œ์„œ์ง€ ํ•ด์„ ์‹œ ์ ‘์ง€์„ ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์ „์ฃผ์˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์  ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค.

ํ•œํŽธ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์„ ๋กœ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€์ค‘์ผ€์ด๋ธ”์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ CNCV์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ๋™์‹ฌ์ค‘์„ฑ์„ ์˜ ์ ‘์ง€๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ค‘์„ฑ์„ ์˜ ์„œ์ง€์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํŽธ๋‹จ์ ‘์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋น„์ผ๊ด„๊ณต๋™ ์ ‘์ง€๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ ‘์†๊ฐœ์†Œ์—์„œ ๋™์‹ฌ์ค‘์„ฑ์„ ์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ๋˜์–ด ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ์˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๋ฐ˜๋„์ „์ธต์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ‘์ง€ํšŒ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์„œ์ง€์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ํŠน์„ฑ์€ ์ผ๊ด„๊ณต๋™์ ‘์ง€์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค(5).

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ์˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๋ฐ˜๋„์ „์ธต์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์‹ค๊ณ„ํ†ต์„ EMTP๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง๊ฒฉ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์„ ๋กœ์— ์œ ์ž… ์‹œ ์ง€์ค‘์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์ ‘์†์ ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ๋ณ„ ์ด๋ก ์ˆ˜์‹๊ณผ ํ˜„์žฅ์‹คํ—˜๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ฐธ๊ณ  ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์— ๋‚™๋ขฐ ์œ ์ž… ์‹œ ์ตœ์ธ์ ‘ ์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ž…์ƒ์ „์ฃผ์— ์œ ๊ธฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ „์••์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ขฐ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋ฐ ์žฅ์• ํ˜„ํ™ฉ

์ „๋ ฅ๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์ด์ƒ์ „์••์€ ์ƒ์šฉ์ฃผํŒŒ ๊ณผ์ „์••๊ณผ ์„œ์ง€์„ฑ ๊ณผ์ „์••์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜๋ฉฐ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์ ˆ์—ฐ๊ฐ•๋„ ์„ค๊ณ„๋Š” ์ƒ์šฉ์ฃผํŒŒ ๋‚ด์ „์••๊ณผ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋‚ด์ „์••์ด ์ ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์šฉ์ฃผํŒŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฑด์ „์ƒ ๊ณผ์ „์••์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐฐ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์„œ์ง€์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋ฐฐ์— ๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ƒ์šฉ์ฃผํŒŒ๋‚ด์ „์••์€ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ์ ˆ์—ฐ๊ฐ•๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ๋‹น ํ•˜๊ฒŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋‚ด์ „์••์€ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„  ๋˜๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ขฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„œ์ง€์„ฑ ์ด์ƒ์ „์••์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•˜์—ฌ ์šด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[1].

๊ตญ๋‚ด์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ขฐ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ ์˜ ์ ‘์ง€์ €ํ•ญ ๊ธฐ์ค€์€ ํ‘œ 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„  ์ค‘์„ฑ์„ , ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์ „์ฃผ, ๊ฐ•๊ด€์ „์ฃผ, ํ”ผ๋ขฐ๊ธฐ, ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ์˜ ์ ‘์ง€์„ ์€ ์ผ๊ด„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ‘์ง€ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ‘œ 2์—๋Š” 22.9kV ๋‚œ์—ฐ๋™์‹ฌ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์ ˆ์—ฐ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ „์••์˜ ์ •๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ์ ˆ์—ฐ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•œํŽธ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ๋‚™๋ขฐํŠน์„ฑ์€ ์‚ฐ๊ฐ„ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€๊ทน์„ฑ 80% ์ •๊ทน์„ฑ 15% ๋‡Œ์šด๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฉ์ „ 5%์˜ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค. ๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” 60kA ์ดํ•˜๊ฐ€ 98%์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ค‘์—์„œ 20~60kA๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค. 1995~1999๋…„(5๋…„๊ฐ„)์˜ ๋‚™๋ขฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋ฐœ์ƒ์€ ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ ๊ณ ์žฅ์˜ ์•ฝ 7~8% ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด์ค‘ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ „์„ ์€ 33% ์• ์ž๋ฅ˜ 27%, ํ”ผ๋ขฐ๊ธฐ 16%,๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ9%,๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[6].

ํ‘œ 1. ๊ตญ๋‚ด๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์ ‘์ง€์ €ํ•ญ ๊ธฐ์ค€

Table 1. Domestic Distribution System Earth Resistance

๊ตฌ ๋ถ„

ํ”ผ๋ขฐ๊ธฐ

๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ 

์„ ๋กœ๋ณดํ˜ธ์šฉ

25[$\Omega$]

50[$\Omega$]

์ฃผ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋ณดํ˜ธ

25[$\Omega$]

25[$\Omega$]

์ž…์ƒ์ผ€์ด๋ธ”๋ณดํ˜ธ

10[$\Omega$]

25[$\Omega$]

* ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ ์€ ๋งค 200m๋งˆ๋‹ค 50$\Omega$์ดํ•˜๋กœ ์ ‘์ง€

ํ‘œ 2. 22.9kV ๋‚œ์—ฐ ๋™์‹ฌ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์ ˆ์—ฐ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ •๊ฒฉ ๋ฐ ์ ˆ์—ฐ๊ฐ•๋„

Table 2. 22.9kV Concentric-Neutral Line Insulation Cable rating and insulation level

์ „์••(kV)

์ถฉ๊ฒฉ

๋‚ด์ „์••(kV)

๊ต๋ฅ˜๋‚ด์ „์••(kV)

์ง๋ฅ˜

๋‚ด์ „์••(kV)

๊ณต์นญ

์ •๊ฒฉ

์ตœ๊ณ 

์ ˆ์—ฐ์ฒด

์‹œ์Šค

์žฅ์‹œ๊ฐ„

์ ˆ์—ฐ์ฒด

์‹œ์Šค

์ ˆ์—ฐ์ฒด

22.9

13.2

25.8

150

40

80

52

4

100

3. ์ง๊ฒฉ๋ขฐ ํ•ด์„์กฐ๊ฑด ๋ฐ ์ฃผ์š”์†Œ์ž ๊ฒ€ํ† 

3.1 ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ ํ•ด์„์กฐ๊ฑด

ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์€ ๊ฐ€๊ณต 3km, ์ง€์ค‘ 1.5km์˜ ๊ธธ์ด์— ๊ฐ€๊ณต๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ํ•œ์ „ ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€(๊ฒฝ๊ฐ„ 50[m])์„ ์ค€์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง€์ค‘์€ CNCV 325ใŽŸ๋ฅผ 250[m] ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„์ผ๊ด„ ๊ณต๋™์ ‘์ง€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1์— ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๊ฐœ๋žต๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 1. ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๊ฐœ๋žต๋„
Fig. 1. Configuration of combined distribution system
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.6.702/fig1.png

3.2 ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ ๊ฒ€ํ† 

ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ์˜ ๋‚™๋ขฐํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ EMTP ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ ์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ง€์ค‘์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ ‘์†์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค์˜ ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์œ ๋ฌด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง€์ค‘์„ ๋กœ ์ ‘์†์ ์˜ ์ „์œ„์ƒ์Šน์— ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค.

3.2.1 ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์ „์ฃผ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ํ•ด์„

์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ๋ชธ์ฒด ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—๋Š” ์กฐ๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ ๊ทผ์ด ๋งค๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ „์ฃผ๊ธธ์ด์˜ 1/6์ด ๋•…์†์— ๋ฌปํ˜€ ์žˆ์–ด ์ ‘์ง€์ฒด๋กœ ํ•ด์„๋œ๋‹ค[3][7].

์ด๋ก ์  ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์€ ์ตœ์ดˆ Jordan ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ Jordan ์ˆ˜์ •๋ฐฉ์ •์‹, CRIEPI ๋ฐฉ์‹, IEC 60071-4์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ•ด์„๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋“ฑ์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋˜์–ด ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ ๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์‹์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” ์ƒํ˜ธ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ˆ˜์‹์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ ํ•ด์„์ƒ์— ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฒ ํƒ‘์ด๋‚˜ ์ „์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด์˜ ์žฌ์งˆ์— ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์‹๋ณ„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ 3์— ๋น„๊ต ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค[8].(์กฐ๊ฑด:์ „์ฃผ r=0.138[m], h= 16[m]/์ ‘์ง€์„  OW25ใŽŸ, r=3.2ใŽœ)

ํ‘œ 3. ๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

Table 3. Characteristic Impedance estimated from each method

ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

Jordan

Jordan์ˆ˜์ •

CRIEPI

์ „ ์ฃผ

266[$\Omega$]

308[$\Omega$]

200[$\Omega$]

๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ โ†”์ค‘์„ฑ์„ 

344[$\Omega$]

427[$\Omega$]

200[$\Omega$]

์ค‘์„ฑ์„ โ†”๋Œ€์ง€

343[$\Omega$]

517[$\Omega$]

300[$\Omega$]

* IEC60071-4์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ „์ฃผ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค : 306[$\Omega$]

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 2. ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์ „์ฃผ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์  ํšŒ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ
Fig. 2. Electric Configuration of Concrete Pole
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.6.702/fig2.png

ํ‘œ 3์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ „์ฃผ๋Š” ์ ‘์ง€์„ (๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ โ†”๋Œ€์ง€)๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต ์‹œ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋žต 32% ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์‹œ ์ƒํ˜ธ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ˜์˜์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด๋ก ์ˆ˜์‹์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์ „์ฃผ์— 13~15kV์˜ ICG ์ „์••์„ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž„ํŽ„์Šค์‘๋‹ต์‹œํ—˜์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[4]. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—์„œ ์ „์ฃผ์— ์„ฌ๋ฝ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์ ‘์ง€์„ ๊ณผ ์ „์ฃผ์— ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ๋˜์–ด ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์‹๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2์— ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ์ „์ฃผ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์  ํšŒ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

3.2.2 ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ํ•ด์„

22.9kV ๋ฐฐ์ „์šฉ CNCV์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ์˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋ฐ˜๋„์ „์ธต์€ ํ‰์ƒ์‹œ์—๋Š” ์–‘๋‹จ์ €ํ•ญ์ด 5,000$\Omega$ ์ดํ•˜(2,000~3,000$\Omega$)์ด๋‚˜ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ”์ ‘์† ๊ฐœ์†Œ์—์„œ ์ ˆ์—ฐ์ด ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜๋ฉด ๊ณ ์žฅ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํ†ต์ „(10,000[A], 10 Cycle)์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ† ๋ก ๊ทœ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค[9]. ์ด๋Š” ์ ˆ์—ฐ ํŒŒ๊ดด ์‹œ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋ฐ˜๋„์ „์ธต์˜ ์ €ํ•ญ์ด ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œ(1$\Omega$ ์ดํ•˜)๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ฐฐ์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต์€ ๋‚™๋ขฐ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์„œ์ง€์ „์••์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ผ๊ด„๊ณต๋™์ ‘์ง€๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์˜๋œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์ƒ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ๋ณธ์˜ Noiseken ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์— ์˜๋ขฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ๋‚ด 22.9kV ๋ฐฐ์ „์šฉ CNCV์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋ฐ˜๋„์ „์ธต ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ธกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์‹ค์ธก ์กฐ๊ฑด์€ ๋‡Œ์„œ์ง€ ํŒŒํ˜• ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ค€์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ „์••ํŒŒํ˜• 1.2/50ใŽฒ, ๋‹จ๋ฝ์ „๋ฅ˜ํŒŒํ˜• 8/20ใŽฒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ์˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋ฐ˜๋„์ „์ธต์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๊ฐ’์€ 365~380$\Omega$์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ’์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค ํ‘œ 4์— ์‹œํ—˜๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ์ธก์ •์ „์••๊ณผ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๊ฐ’์„ ํƒ€๋‚˜ ๋‚ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3์— ์‹œํ—˜์žฅ๋น„, ์‹œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์‹œํ—˜์ „๊ฒฝ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค[5].

ํ‘œ 4. ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์‹คํ—˜๊ฐ’

Table 4. Characteristic impedance test result for cable joint

์‹œํ—˜๋ ˆ๋ฒจ

๋ฌด๋ถ€ํ•˜

์‹œํ—˜์„ค๋น„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ

์ธก์ •์ „์••

์ธก์ •์ „๋ฅ˜

์ธก์ •์ „์••

์ธก์ •์ „๋ฅ˜

์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

40[A]

(0.1[kV])

0.09[kV]

34.4[A]

0.08[kV]

-

-

80[A]

(0.2[kV])

0.19[kV]

79.2[A]

0.19[kV]

0.5[A]

380[$\Omega$]

400[A]

(1.0[kV])

1.05[kV]

426[A]

1.02[kV]

2.6[A]

392[$\Omega$]

800[A]

(2.0[kV])

2.08[kV]

820[A]

2.03[kV]

5.2[A]

390[$\Omega$]

1,600[A]

(4.0[kV])

4.16[kV]

1,710[A]

4.10[kV]

10.4[A]

394[$\Omega$]

3,200[A]

(8.0[kV])

8.36[kV]

3,420[A]

8.20[kV]

21.2[A]

387[$\Omega$]

4,800[A]

(12[kV])

12.5[kV]

5,140[A]

12.3[kV]

32.6[A]

377[$\Omega$]

6,000[A]

(15[kV])

15.4[kV]

6,280[A]

14.8[kV]

40.6[A]

365[$\Omega$]

์ƒ๊ธฐ์˜ ์‹œํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ์— ๋‚™๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” ์ ‘์ง€์„ ์˜ ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€(ํฌ๊ธฐ)์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ ์ž‘์„ฑ์‹œ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ˜์˜์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฐ’์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 3. ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค ์‹ค์ธก ์‹คํ—˜ ์ „๊ฒฝ
Fig. 3. Test view of cable joint characteristic impedance measuring
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.6.702/fig3.png

4. ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜

4.1 EMTP ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์กฐ๊ฑด

๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ฐฐ์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์  ํˆฌ์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•œ์ „ ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€์— ์ค€์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ1์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ EMTP์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ž…์ƒ์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ ์— ๋‚™๋ขฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ๋น„์ผ๊ด„๊ณต๋™์ ‘์ง€๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์ง€์ค‘์ผ€์ด๋ธ”์˜ ์ ‘์†์  ๋™์‹ฌ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ๋‹จ์˜ ์ „์œ„์ƒ์Šน ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ๋ถ„์„์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 4. EMTP ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ
Fig. 4. EMTP simulation model
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.6.702/fig4.png

ํ‘œ 5. ์ง๊ฒฉ๋ขฐ ์‹œํ—˜์กฐ๊ฑด

Table 5. Characteristic impedance test result for cable joint

๊ตฌ๋ถ„

์ „๋ฅ˜ํŒŒํ˜•

์ „๋ฅ˜ํŒŒ๊ณ ์น˜

๋‡Œ๋„์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ์†๋„

๊ฐ’

2/80ใŽฒ

10[kA]

400[$\Omega$]

30$\times10^6$ [m/s]

ํ‘œ 6. ์ „์ฃผ, ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ, ์ ‘์ง€์„ ์˜ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ

Table 6. Input data for pole, cable joint, earth wire

๊ตฌ๋ถ„

ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค

์ง„ํ–‰ํŒŒ์†๋„

์ ‘์ง€์ €ํ•ญ

์ „์ฃผ

226[$\Omega$]

300,000,000[m/s]

20.9[$\Omega$]

์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ

365[$\Omega$]

300,000,000[m/s]

-

* ์ ‘์ง€์„  ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค : 344[$\Omega$](๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ -์ค‘์„ฑ์„ ), 434[$\Omega$] (์ค‘์„ฑ์„ -์ ‘์ง€์„ )

๊ฐ€๊ณต์„ ๋กœ ๋ฐ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์„ ๋กœ์˜ ๋ง๋‹จ์€ ์„œ์ง€์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •ํ•ฉ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‘œ 5์—๋Š” ์ง๊ฒฉ๋‡Œ ์‹œํ—˜์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ํ‘œ 6์—๋Š” ์ „์ฃผ, ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ, ์ ‘์ง€์„  ๊ด€๋ จ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค[8].

4.2 ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

๋น„์ผ๊ด„๊ณต๋™์ ‘์ง€๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์–‘๋‹จ์ „์••์ด ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์‹œ์Šค์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋‚ด์ „์••์ด ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ž…์ƒ์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ ์— ๋‚™๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ๋‹จ ์ „์••์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ 5[kA], 10[kA], 20[kA]์˜ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ ‘์†์žฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ ๊ณผ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์˜ ๋‚™๋ขฐ ์œ ์ž… ์ฐจ์ด์  ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™์ผํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์— ๋‚™๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ณ„ ๋ชจ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ ๋‚™๋ขฐ๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ขฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ณ ๋ ค ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์ƒ์ฃผ์—์„œ 250[m] ์ด๊ฒฉ๋œ ์ง€์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ง๊ฒฉ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ ์— ๋‚™๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ์ด 5๊ฐœ์˜ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ ‘์†๊ฐœ์†Œ ์ค‘ ์ œ1์ ‘์†์ ์˜ ์ „์••์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ดํ›„ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ ‘์†์  ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์••์ด ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 7์— ์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ ‘์†์žฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ ‘์†๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ณ„ ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••์„, ํ‘œ 8์—๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ ‘์†์žฌ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 20[kA]์˜ ๋‚™๋ขฐ ์œ ์ž…์‹œ์—๋„ ๋™์‹ฌ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••์€ 3.31[kV] ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์Šค์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋‚ด์ „์•• ๊ธฐ์ค€ 40[kV] ๋Œ€๋น„ ์•ฝ 8.3% ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ ์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ ‘์†์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„ํ†ต ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 29.23[kV]์˜ ์ „์••์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ด ๊ฐ’ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ฐ’ ์ดํ•˜ ์•ฝ 73[%]์— ํ•ด๋‹น๋˜์–ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

ํ‘œ 7. ์ ‘์†๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ณ„ ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••(์ „์ฃผ, ์ ‘์†์žฌ ํฌํ•จ)

Table 7. Test result for neutral line voltage(include pole and cable joint)

๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ

์ „๋ฅ˜

์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••[kV]

1์ ‘์†์ 

2์ ‘์†์ 

3์ ‘์†์ 

4์ ‘์†์ 

5์ ‘์†์ 

5[kA]

0.827

0.457

0.384

-0.215

-0.242

10[kA]

1.655

0.814

0.768

-0.431

-0.484

20[kA]

3.311

1.686

1.548

-0.774

0.997

ํ‘œ 8. ์ ‘์†๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ณ„ ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••(์ „์ฃผ, ์ ‘์†์žฌ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ)

Table 8. Test Result for Neutral line Voltage(exclude Pole and Cable Joint)

๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ

์ „๋ฅ˜

์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์–‘๋‹จ ์ „์••[kV]

1์ ‘์†์ 

2์ ‘์†์ 

3์ ‘์†์ 

4์ ‘์†์ 

5์ ‘์†์ 

5[kA]

7.279

3.501

2.594

-1.248

1.342

10[kA]

14.559

7.003

5.149

-2.495

2.682

20[kA]

29.232

13.723

10.339

-5.386

5.175

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 5. 5[kA] ๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ ์ฃผ์ž…์‹œ ์ œ 1์ ์˜ ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์–‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ „์••(์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ ‘์†์žฌ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œ)
Fig. 5. Neutral Line First Joint Point Instantaneous voltage for 5kA Lightening surge Injected(Include Pole and Cable Joint)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.6.702/fig5.png
๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 6. 5[kA] ๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ ์ฃผ์ž…์‹œ ์ œ 1์ ์˜ ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์–‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ „์•• (์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ ‘์†์žฌ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์‹œ)
Fig. 6. Neutral line first joint point instantaneous voltage for 5kA lightening surge injected(exclude pole and cable joint)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.6.702/fig6.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5์—๋Š” ์ „์ฃผ ๋ฐ ์ ‘์†์žฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ œ1์ ‘์†์ ์— 5[kV] ๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ธ๊ฐ€์‹œ ์ค‘์„ฑ์„  ์–‘๋‹จ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ์ „์•• ํŒŒํ˜•์˜ ์ˆœ์‹œ๊ฐ’ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6์—๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ ‘์†์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์ง๊ฒฉ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์— ๋‚™๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์— ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€ ๋‚ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚™๋ขฐ์ง€์  ์ตœ ์ธ์ ‘ ์ „์ฃผ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์— ์œ ๊ธฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ „์••๊ณผ, ์ผ€์ด๋ธ”์ž…์ƒ์ฃผ์˜ ์ „์œ„์ƒ์Šน์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ 9์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8์—๋Š” ์ง๊ฒฉ๋ขฐ์˜ ์ตœ์ธ์ ‘ ์ „์ฃผ์—์„œ ๋ชจ์˜๋œ ์ „์••ํŒŒํ˜•์˜ ์ˆœ์‹œ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 7. ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์— 10[kA] ๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ ์ฃผ์ž… ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ
Fig. 7. Simulation model for 10ka lightening surge injected at power line
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.6.702/fig7.png

ํ‘œ 9. ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์— ์ง๊ฒฉ๋ขฐ์‹œ ์ „์œ„์ƒ์Šน ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Table 9. Test result for cable joint

๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ

์ „๋ฅ˜

์ธ์ ‘์ „์ฃผ ์ „์••

์ผ€์ด๋ธ”์ž…์ƒ์ฃผ ์ „์••

[์ฐธ๊ณ ]

๋‡Œ์ž„ํŽ„์Šค ๋‚ด์ „์••๊ธฐ์ค€

5[kA]

347[kV]

105[kV]

-์ฃผ์ƒ๋ณ€์••๊ธฐ:125[kV]

-ํ”ผ๋ขฐ๊ธฐ:125[kV]

-LP์• ์ž:์ •180/๋ถ€205[kV]

-๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฐœํ๊ธฐ:150[kV]

10[kA]

669[kV]

186[kV]

20[kA]

1,307[kV]

336[kV]

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8์˜ (a)์—๋Š” ์ง๊ฒฉ๋‡Œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ธ์ ‘์ „์ฃผ์˜ ์ „์••์ƒ์Šน ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐ’์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, (b)๋Š” LP์• ์ž์˜ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋‚ด์ „์•• 180[kV] ์ด์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์–ด ํŒŒ์†๋จ์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๋ฝ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ $f _{sw}$๋ฅผ ์…‹ํŒ…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํŒŒํ˜•์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. LP์• ์ž๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ์†๋˜๋ฉด ์ „์••์ด ์˜์ „์œ„๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 8. 10[kA] ๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ ์ฃผ์ž…์‹œ ์ตœ์ธ์ ‘ ์ „์ฃผ ์ „๋ ฅ์„  ์ˆœ์‹œ์ „์•• ํ”„๋กœํŒŒ์ผ
Fig. 8. Power Line Instantaneous voltage profile for nearest pole in case of 10ka lightening surge injected
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.6.702/fig8.png

์ตœ์†Œ ๋‡Œ๊ฒฉ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ž…๋ ฅ๊ฐ’์ธ 5[kA] ์œ ์ž…์‹œ์—๋„ ์ธ์ ‘์ „์ฃผ์—๋Š” 347 [kV], ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ž…์ƒ์ฃผ์—๋Š” 105[kV]๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „์••์ด ์ƒ์Šน๋˜์–ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋‚ด์ „์••์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ฐ’์ด ์ œ์ผ ๋†’์€ LP์• ์ž์˜ 180[kV] ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ์•ฝ 2๋ฐฐ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ํฐ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ LP์• ์ž๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ํ”ผ๋ขฐ๊ธฐ, ๊ฐœํ๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ „๋ ฅ์†Œ์ž๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ์†๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 9. ์ง๊ฒฉ๋‚™๋ขฐ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ค๋น„ ํŒŒ์†์‚ฌ์ง„
Fig. 9. Distribution facility breakage case caused by lighting surge
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.6.702/fig9.png

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง๊ฒฉ ๋‚™๋ขฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐจํํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์ „ ๊ธฐ์ž์žฌ์˜ ํŒŒ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ •์ „์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋•Œ ๋‚™๋ขฐ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์ „๋˜์–ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‹ค๋˜๊ณ  ๋‚™๋ขฐ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ํ•ด์†Œ๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด๋ก ์  ํ•ด์„์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ์˜ ๋‚™๋ขฐ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์žฅํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž…์ฆ๋œ๋‹ค[10]. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 9์— ์ง๊ฒฉ๋ขฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํŒŒ์†๋œ ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ค๋น„ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ฐฐ์ „ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์€ 22.9kV๋‹ค์ค‘์ ‘์ง€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณต๊ณผ ์ง€์ค‘์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์„ ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์šด์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ ๋กœ์˜ ์ง€์ค‘์ผ€์ด๋ธ”์€ ์ ‘์†๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง๊ฒฉ๋‚™๋ขฐ ์œ ์ž… ์‹œ ํ•ด์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ ‘์ง€ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ ๋ชจ์˜์™€ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ ‘์†์žฌ๋Š” ๋”๋”์šฑ ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ ‘์ง€ํšŒ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ณ‘๋ ฌํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ „์ฃผ๋Š” ์ ‘์ง€์„  ๋Œ€๋น„ 32% ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ €ํ•ญ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๋น„์ผ๊ด„๊ณต๋™์ ‘์ง€๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ง์„ ์ ‘์†์žฌ์˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋ฐ˜๋„์ „์ธต์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋Š” 365~380[$\Omega$] ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚จ์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์‹๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋‚™๋ขฐ ์œ ์ž… ์‹œ ์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ์ ‘์†๊ฐœ์†Œ ์–‘๋‹จ์€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 3.3[kV]์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ „์ฃผ์™€ ์ ‘์†๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ ๋น„ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 29.2[kV]๋กœ ์‹œ์Šค์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋‚ด์ „์•• ๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ 73[%] ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ์ง๊ฒฉ๋‚™๋ขฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ง€์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ฐจํ ์‹คํŒจ๋กœ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์— ๋‚™๋ขฐ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์ „์„ค๋น„์˜ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋‚ด์ „์••์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ฐ’ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ๋‡Œ์„œ์ง€์ „์••์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๋ฐฐ์ „๊ณ„ํ†ต์˜ ๊ฐ ์ข… ์ „๋ ฅ ์†Œ์ž๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ์†๋˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ์ด๋ฅธ ํ›„ ๊ทธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋ฉธ๋จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

References

1 
KEPCO , 2012, Distribution Line Lighting Surge Criteria, DS-3800 (Distribution Design Criteria)Google Search
2 
IEC Technical Report. , 2004, Insulation Coordination-part 4, IEC TR 60074-4Google Search
3 
Yamato Kenji, Kawasaki Zen-ichiro, 1999, Surge lmpedances of Concrete pole and Grounding Lead Wire in Distribution Line by a Scale Model Technique, The Japanese Electric society Book B, Vol. 119, No. 7, pp. 861-866DOI
4 
H. S. Ryu., 2003, Building Distribution Test Equipment and Research the Effect of Lighting Surge Facility, KERI reportGoogle Search
5 
Kimura Hideki, 2017, Test Report on Impedance Characteristic of 23kV Cable Joints, Noiseken Test ReportGoogle Search
6 
Lee J. B., 2003, A Study on the Establishment of Insulation Coordination Scheme in Distribution System, KEPCO ReportGoogle Search
7 
Japanese Electric Power Central Research Institute , 2002, Distribution Line Lightening Overvoltage GuideGoogle Search
8 
Kim C.H., 2012, Analyzing Lightening Surge Transmission Characteristic and Protection Performance Qualification Method, KEPCO ReportGoogle Search
9 
IEEE Standard , 2007, Exposed Semiconducting Shields on High-Voltage Cable Joints and Separable Connectors, IEEE Std 592DOI
10 
KEPCO , 2017, Shutdown Example Caused by Lightening etc Statistical Data, KEPCO Distribution Operation DepartmentGoogle Search

์ €์ž์†Œ๊ฐœ

์ „ ์šฉ ์ฃผ (Yong-Joo Jeon)
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The B.S. degrees from Seoul National Univ of Science & Technology, Seoul, Korea in 1995.

The M.S. and Ph. D. degrees in the electrical engineering from Soong-Sil Univ, Korea in 2001 and 2018 respectively.

Currently Deputy General manager for KORAIL from 2005.

์ „ ๋ช… ์ˆ˜ (Myung-Su Jeon)
../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2018.67.6.702/au2.png

The B.S. and M.S degrees from Seoul National Univ of Science & Technology, Seoul, Korea in 1978, and 2007 respectively.

Currently CEO of Elec-consulting.