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  1. (School of Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.)



PMSM, On Board Charger, Intergrated Battery Charger, H-bridge, Current ripple

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋ชจํ„ฐ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ ๊ตฌ๋™์ œ์–ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋งŒํผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถฉ์ „๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ธํ”„๋ผ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€์šฉ๋Ÿ‰, ๊ธ‰์† ์ถฉ์ „์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ Off-Board Charger ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์–ด๋””์„œ๋“  ์ถฉ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์™„์† ์ถฉ์ „์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํƒ‘์žฌ์šฉ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ(OBC, On Board Charger)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1์€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” OBC๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. OBC๋Š” ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๊ฐœ์„ ๊ณผ ์ „์••์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ญ๋ฅ  ๊ฐœ์„ ํšŒ๋กœ(PFC, Power Factor Correction) ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์Šคํ„ฐ ์ปจ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(1-4). ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ OBC๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์™€ ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ์†Œ์ž๋“ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฃผํ–‰๋ณด์กฐ ๋ฐ ํŽธ์˜์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ๋‚ด์— ํƒ‘์žฌ๋œ OBC๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” Integrated battery charger(IBC) ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ๋ฐœํžˆ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ IBC ์ถฉ์ „์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์€ ์ œ๋กœ๋ฒกํ„ฐ ์ œ์–ด์™€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋น™ ์ œ์–ด๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰œ๋‹ค(5). ์ œ๋กœ๋ฒกํ„ฐ ์ œ์–ด๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์ž…๋ ฅ์ „์••์˜ ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ ์ƒ์˜ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์–ดํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์–ด ์‹œ, ๊ฐ ์ƒ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์•„์ง€๊ณ , ๊ฐ ์ƒ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ•ฉ์ธ ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฆฌํ”Œ์€ ํฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ† ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ธํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋น™ ์ œ์–ด ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๊ฐ ์ƒ์˜ ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ์œ„์ƒ์„ 120ยฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ ์ƒ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜์œ„์ƒ์€ 120ยฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๊ณ , ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฆฌํ”Œ์€ ์ž‘์ง€๋งŒ, ์ƒ์ „๋ฅ˜ ๊ฐ„์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ฐจ์ด์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ† ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ† ํฌ ์ด์™ธ์—๋„, ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฆฌํ”Œ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋Œ€์ƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์€ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์…€์˜ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์—ด ์†์‹ค์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์ƒ์Šน์‹œ์ผœ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ๋‹จ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค(6). ์ œ๋กœ๋ฒกํ„ฐ ์ œ์–ด๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” IBC๋Š” ๋ชจํ„ฐ์— ๋™์ƒ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจํ„ฐ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋Š” ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ’์˜ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ์Šค์œ„์นญ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฆฌํ”Œ์ด ํฌ๊ณ , ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถฉ์ „ํšจ์œจ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํฐ ๊ฐ’์˜ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(7). ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ„์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ํ™œ์šฉ์„ฑ ์ €ํ•˜์™€ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ  ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์—ฐ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์šด์ „ ํšจ์œจ์— ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์ถฉ์ „์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(8). ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ ์ƒ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์Šค์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž„์˜์˜ ํ•œ ์ƒ์˜ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ณตํ†ต ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ณตํ†ต ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋Š” ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์„ ์ค„์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ ์ƒ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ํ† ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ์ถฉ์ „ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ํ† ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ง€์ ์— ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํ† ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถฉ์ „ ํšจ์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, IGBT ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , PWM ์ œ์–ด ์‹œ ์„œ์ง€ ์ „์••์„ ์ƒ์Šน์‹œ์ผœ ์ œ์–ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์Šค์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋‹จ์— ์ž…๋ ฅ ์ „์›์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(9). ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ „๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ์ƒ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํ† ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ์ „ํšจ์œจ์„ ์ €ํ•˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ํ† ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” SRM(Switched Reluctance Motor)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(10-11). ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ SRM์€ ๊ตฌ๋™ ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ† ํฌ ๋ฆฌํ”Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์†Œ์Œ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋™๋ชจํ„ฐ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค(8). ์ด์™ธ์—๋„, ๋‹ค์ƒ๋ชจํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(12-14). ๋‹ค์ƒ ๋ชจํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „๋ฐฉ์‹์€ DC-DC ์ปจ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์ด์™ธ์—๋„, ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์†Œ์ž ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—†์ด ๋‹ค์ƒ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ OBC์˜ PFC๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์ƒ๋ชจํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ 3์ƒ ๋ชจํ„ฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ „๋ ฅ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ๋ฐ ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ œ์ž‘๋น„์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 1. ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ OBC๋ชจ๋“ˆ

Fig. 1. Conventional OBC module

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.619/fig1.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 2. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ฐœ์š”

Fig. 2. Overview proposed integrated battery charging system

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.619/fig2.png

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งค์ž…ํ˜• ์˜๊ตฌ์ž์„ ๋™๊ธฐ์ „๋™๊ธฐ(IPMSM, Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor)๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” IBC ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถฉ์ „๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” IPMSM์˜ ๋‹ค์ด๋‚˜๋ฏน ๋ชจ๋ธ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์Šค์œ„์นญ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ œ์–ด ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋„์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง„๋™ ๋ฐ ์ถฉ์ „ ํšจ์œจ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ตœ์†Œ์˜ ์ง„๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ๊ฐ๋„๋กœ ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ถฉ์ „ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ฐ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์ถฉ์ „ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ํšจ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถฉ์ „ ๋ชจ๋ธ

2.1 ๋‹ค์ด๋‚˜๋ฏน ๋ชจ๋ธ ๋ถ„์„

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์šฉ ๋ชจํ„ฐ ๊ถŒ์„ ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2๋Š” ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถฉ์ „ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ํšŒ๋กœ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ๋™์šฉ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ์˜ DC์ „์› ์–‘๋‹จ์— ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ IGBT๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ์ค‘์„ฑ์ ๊ณผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์•” ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ž…๋ ฅ ์ „์›์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž…๋ ฅ์ „์••๊ณผ ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋˜๋Š” H-bridge์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. IPMSM์˜ ์ „์•• ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์ „์••๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ‘œํ˜„๋œ๋‹ค.

(1)
$v_{abc}=R_{s}i_{abc}+\dfrac{d\lambda_{abc}}{dt}+ v_{{g}}$

์‹ (1)์„ d-q์ถ• ๋™๊ธฐ ์ขŒํ‘œ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด, ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹๋“ค๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋œ๋‹ค.

(2)
$v_{d}^{e}=R_{s}i_{d}^{e}+\dfrac{d\lambda_{d}^{e}}{dt}-w_{e}\lambda_{q}^{e}$

(3)
$v_{q}^{e}=R_{s}i_{q}^{e}+\dfrac{d\lambda_{q}^{e}}{dt}+w_{e}\lambda_{q}^{e}$

(4)
$v_{n}^{e}=\dfrac{R_{s}}{3}i_{n}^{e}+\dfrac{d\lambda_{n}^{e}}{dt}+v_{{g}}$ $$ \begin{aligned} &\text { where, }\\ &i_{n}=i_{a}+i_{b}+i_{c}\\ &L_{d}=L_{l o}+\frac{3}{2}\left(L_{A}-L_{B}\right), L_{q}=L_{l o}+\frac{3}{2}\left(L_{A}+L_{B}\right)\\ &\lambda_{\mathrm{d}}^{e}=L_{d} i_{d}^{e}+\psi_{m}, \lambda_{q}^{e}=L_{a} i_{\theta}^{e}, \lambda_{n}^{e}=\left(\frac{L_{l o}}{3}+L_{a d d}\right) i_{n}^{e} \end{aligned} $$

์œ„์˜ ์ˆ˜์‹์—์„œ $v,\: i,\:\lambda ,\: R_{s},\: L,\:\psi_{m},\: w_{e},\: v_{{g}}$์€ ์ „์••, ์ „๋ฅ˜, ์‡„๊ต ์ž์†, ์ €ํ•ญ, ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค, ์˜๊ตฌ์ž์„์˜ ์ž์†, ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ์†๋„, ์ถฉ์ „์ „์••์„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์œ„์ฒจ์ž โ€˜$e$โ€™๋Š” ์ง๊ต ์ขŒํ‘œ์ถ•์˜ ํšŒ์ „ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, ์•„๋ž˜์ฒจ์ž๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์ขŒํ‘œ์ถ• ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, $L_{ls},\: L_{A},\: L_{B},\: L_{add}$์€ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค, ์žํ™” ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’, ์žํ™”์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค์˜ ๋ณ€๋™ ๋ถ„, ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹ (4)์—์„œ ์ž…๋ ฅ์ „์••์€ ์˜์ƒ ๋ถ„ ์ „์••์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, d-q์ถ• ์ „์••๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์˜์ƒ ๋ถ„ ์ „์••๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ, a,b,c์ƒ์„ ๋™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ๋กœ๋ฒกํ„ฐ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด, a,b,c์ƒ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์ž์†์ด ๊ฐ™์•„์ง€๊ณ , ํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋™๊ธฐ์ขŒํ‘œ๊ณ„ d-q์ถ• ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” 0์ด ๋˜๊ณ , ํ† ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ๋ชจํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ •์ง€ํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์ด๊ณ , $w_{e}$๋Š” 0์ด ๋˜์–ด d-q์ถ• ์ƒํ˜ธ ๊ฐ„์„ญ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž์†์ด ์ƒ์‡„๋˜๊ณ  ๋ˆ„์„ค์ž์†๋งŒ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น„๊ต์  ์ž‘์€ ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ์ž‘์€ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค ๊ฐ’ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ๊ณ ์† PWM์Šค์œ„์นญ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตฌ๋™์šฉ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ๋Š” ๋Œ€์šฉ๋Ÿ‰, ๊ณ ์ „์•• ์ €์†์Šค์œ„์นญ ์†Œ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๊ณ ์† ์Šค์œ„์นญ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ณ ์† ์Šค์œ„์นญ ์‹œ ์†์‹ค์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์† ์Šค์œ„์นญ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ IGBT๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ž‘์€ ๋ˆ„์„ค ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ณ ์†์Šค์œ„์นญ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์— ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ IPMSM์€ ๊ฐ ์ƒ์˜ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค์™€ ์ž์†์€ ์ด์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๊ฐ ์ƒ์— ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋„ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž์†์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ƒ์‡„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ ์ƒ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” d-q์ถ• ์ „๋ฅ˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ† ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ํ† ํฌ ์ˆ˜์‹์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(5)
$T =\dfrac{P}{2}\dfrac{3}{2}(\psi_{m}i_{q}^{e}+(L_{d}-L_{q})i_{d}^{e}i_{q}^{e})$

$T$, $P$๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ† ํฌ์™€ ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ทน์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ† ํฌ๋Š” ์ง„๋™์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ , ์ถฉ์ „ํšจ์œจ์„ ์ €ํ•˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ถฉ์ „๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ง„๋™์„ ์ตœ์†Œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ๊ฐ๋„๋กœ ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์ถฉ์ „ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ 3์ƒ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ์˜ ์ œ๋กœ๋ฒกํ„ฐ ์Šค์œ„์นญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณตํ†ต ๋ชจ๋“œ(Common mode) ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถฉ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์Šค์œ„์นญ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ฐจ๋™ ๋ชจ๋“œ(Differential mode) ์ „๋ฅ˜์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ† ํฌ ์ƒ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์œ„์น˜ ์ œ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. d-q์ถ• ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ 0์ธ ๊ณตํ†ต๋ชจ๋“œ ์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ œ์–ด์™€ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ฐจ๋™๋ชจ๋“œ ์ „๋ฅ˜์ œ์–ด ์‹œ d-q์ถ• ์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ ์ž์†์ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค.

d-q์ถ• ์ „๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ ์ž์†์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฉด ํ† ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๊ณ  ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค.

3. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์ถฉ์ „ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•

์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์ถฉ์ „ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” IGBT์˜ ์Šค์œ„์นญ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ž…๋ ฅ์ „์••๊ณผ ๋™์ƒ์˜ ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜์ œ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋™์ƒ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์Šค์œ„์นญ ๋ชจ๋“œ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

3.1 ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ์ „์•• ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์Šค์œ„์นญ ๋ฐฉ์‹

์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ์ „๋ฅ˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ•ฉ์ธ ์‹ (6)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๊ณผ 3์ƒ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ ์ „์•• ์ถœ๋ ฅ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ „์••์ธ ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์ „์••์ˆ˜์‹์€ ์‹ (7)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(6)
$i_{o}= -(i_{a}+i_{b}+i_{c})$

(7)
$v_{o}=\dfrac{R_{s}}{3}i_{o}+(\dfrac{L_{ls}}{3}+L_{add})\dfrac{di_{o}}{dt}- v_{ {g}}$

$i_{o},\: v_{o},\: V_{dc}$์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ „๋ฅ˜, ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์ „์••, ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ „์••์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3(a)๋Š” ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์ „์••์ง€๋ น์ด ์Œ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋•Œ, ์Šค์œ„์น˜์˜ ๋™์ž‘ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ, ๋ชจํ„ฐ ๊ตฌ๋™์šฉ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ 3์ƒ์˜ ์ƒ๋‹จ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋„ํ†ต์‹œ์ผœ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์ถฉ์ „ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ง€๋ น์ด ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€์˜ ์ƒ๋‹จ์˜ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋„ํ†ต์‹œ์ผœ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋‹จ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ๋ชจํ„ฐ ๋‚ด์˜ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์— ์ž๊ธฐ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ์ถ•์ ๋˜๊ณ , ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ง€๋ น์ด ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘๋‹ค๋ฉด, ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€์˜ ์•„๋žซ๋‹จ์˜ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋„ํ†ต์‹œ์ผœ, ์ž…๋ ฅ๋‹จ์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์— ์ €์žฅ๋œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์ถฉ์ „๋˜๊ณ , ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3(b)์€ ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์ „์••์ง€๋ น์ด ์–‘์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋•Œ ์Šค์œ„์น˜์˜ ๋™์ž‘ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋ชจํ„ฐ ๊ตฌ๋™์šฉ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ์˜ 3์ƒ ์•„๋žซ๋‹จ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋„ํ†ต๋˜๊ณ  ์ด์ „๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ์Šค์œ„์นญ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ. ์ถฉ์ „ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ง€๋ น์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4๋Š” 3์ƒ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ ์Šค์œ„์นญ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์†์˜ ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ์Šค์œ„์นญ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ , ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 3์ƒ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ์˜ ์Šค์œ„์นญ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4(a)์—์„œ ๊ณตํ†ต๋ชจ๋“œ ์ œ์–ด๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ถฉ์ „ํ•จ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ฐจ๋™๋ชจ๋“œ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์ „์••์ด ์Œ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋•Œ, 3์ƒ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ์˜ ์ƒ๋‹จ์˜ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋„ํ†ต๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์ง€๋ น์ „์••์€ $V_{dc}$๊ฐ’์ด ์Šน์••๋˜์–ด ์–‘์˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 3. ์Šค์œ„์นญ ๋™์ž‘. (a)$v_{o}^{*}$< 0์ผ ๋•Œ, (b)$v_{o}^{*}$> 0์ผ ๋•Œ

Fig. 3. Switching operation. (a) when $v_{o}^{*}$< 0, (b) when $v_{o}^{*}$>0

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.619/fig3.png

3.2 ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5๋Š” ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „ ์ „๋ฅ˜์ง€๋ น์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์€ ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์ถฉ์ „ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ž…๋ ฅ์ „์••์˜ ์œ„์ƒ๊ณผ ๋™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ, PLL(Phase Loop Lock)์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ž…๋ ฅ์ „์•• ์œ„์ƒ์„ ์ถ”์ข…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์ถฉ์ „ ์ „๋ฅ˜์ง€๋ น ์œ„์ƒ์˜ ์ •๋ฐ€์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(15). ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์ „์••์ง€๋ น์€ ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€์˜ IGBT์Šค์œ„์นญ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ œ ์ „์••์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ, ์ „๋ฅ˜์ œ์–ด

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 4. PWM ์‹ ํ˜ธ. (a) $v_{o}^{*}$< 0์ผ ๋•Œ, (b) $v_{o}^{*}$> 0์ผ ๋•Œ

Fig. 4. PWM signal. (a) when $v_{o}^{*}$< 0, (b) when $v_{o}^{*}$> 0

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.619/fig4.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 5. ์ถฉ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ๋ธ”๋ก๋„

Fig. 5. Block diagram of charger method algorithm

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.619/fig5.png

์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž…๋ ฅ์ „์••์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ธ $-v_{{g}}$๋ฅผ ์ „ํ–ฅ ๋ณด์ƒ ์ „์••์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด ์‹œ, ์ง€๋ น๊ฐ๋„, ์ง€๋ น ์†๋„, ์ง€๋ น ์ „๋ฅ˜, ์ง€๋ น ์ „์•• ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ์ขŒํ‘œ๋ณ€ํ™˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ ์ƒ์˜ ์ „์••์ง€๋ น์„ ๊ตฌํ•œ ๋’ค, ๋™์ƒ์˜ ์Šค์œ„์นญ ์ „์••์ง€๋ น์„ ๋”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ์ƒ์˜ ์ตœ์ข…์ ์ธ ์ „์•• ์ง€๋ น์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ด ์Œ์ˆ˜์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, 3์ƒ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ์˜ ์ƒ๋‹จ ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ์ž‘๋™ ๋ฐ ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์— $V_{dc}$ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋”ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์—์„œ 3์ƒ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์ „์••์ง€๋ น์€ ์‹ (8), 3์ƒ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ์˜ ์ „์••์ง€๋ น์€ ์‹ (9)์™€ ๊ฐ™๊ณ , $v_{com_{-}o}^{*}$, $v_{d{if}_{-}abc}^{*}$, $v_{abc}^{*}$, $k_{p}$, $k_{i}$, $i_{o}^{*}$์€ ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์ „์••์ง€๋ น, ์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ, 3์ƒ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ์˜ ์ „์••์ง€๋ น, PI์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ๋น„๋ก€ ์ด๋“. ์ ๋ถ„, ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜์ง€๋ น์„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.

(8)
$v_{com_{-}o}^{*}=(k_{p}+\dfrac{k_{i}}{s})(i_{o}^{*}-i_{o})-v_{{g}}+V_{dc}$

(9)
$v_{abc}^{*}=V_{dc}+v_{d{if}_{-}abc}$

๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ด ์–‘์ˆ˜์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, 3์ƒ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ ์•„๋žซ๋‹จ์˜ ์Šค์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™๋˜๊ณ , 3์ƒ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์—์„œ ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ํ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์ „์••์ง€๋ น๊ณผ 3์ƒ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ์˜ ์ „์••์ง€๋ น ์ˆ˜์‹์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

(10)
$v_{com_{-}o}^{*}=(k_{p}+\dfrac{k_{i}}{s})(i_{o}^{*}-i_{o})-v_{{g}}$

(11)
$v_{abc}^{*}=v_{d{if}_{_{-}}abc}$

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 6. ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€์˜ ์ œ์–ด์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 20KHz์ผ ๋•Œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ : (a) ์ถฉ์ „ ์ „์••, (b) ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜, (c) ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜

Fig. 6. Simulation results when half-bridge control frequency is 20KHz : (a) The charging voltage, (b) charging current, (c) rotor position waveform

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.619/fig6.png

4. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ฐ ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

ํ‘œ 1. ์ „๋™๊ธฐ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ

Table 1. Motor parameters

Items

Values

Units

Number of poles

8

$R_{s}$

0.003217

[โ„ฆ]

$L_{ls}$

0.00024

[H]

$L_{add}$

0.005

[H]

$v_{g}$

220

[Vrms]

์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ์ž…์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ PSIM(Powersim)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‘œ 1์€ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์˜ ๋ชจํ„ฐ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๊ฐ’์ด๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ ๋ณด์™„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” 5mH ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ์ž…๋ ฅ์ „๋ ฅ์€ 3KW๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋„๋ก 19.2A์˜ ํ”ผํฌ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ „์••๊ณผ ๋™์ƒ์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6์€ ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€๊ฐ€ 20KHz์˜ ์ œ์–ด์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ, ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํŒŒํ˜•์ด๋‹ค. $v_{g},\: i_{g},\:\theta_{e}$์€ ์ถฉ์ „์ „์••, ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜, ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6์˜ ์ „์••๊ณผ ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์ด ๋™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋˜์–ด ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์ถฉ์ „๋จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, d-q์ถ• ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ์˜์ƒ๋ถ„์ธ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ „๋ฅ˜์—๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์€ ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€์˜ ์ œ์–ด์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 5KHz์ผ ๋•Œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํŒŒํ˜•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 7์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ œ์–ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ์–ด์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋” ํฐ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ , ๊ณ ์† ์Šค์œ„์นญ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 8์€ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” IBC๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ DSP(Digital Signal Processor)๋Š” TI์‚ฌ์˜ TMS320F28335๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ „์•• ์ŠคํŒŒํฌ์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์ธ๋•ํ„ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€์™€ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ์„ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งง๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 9๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์‹คํ—˜ ์‹œ ์ถฉ์ „์ „์••, ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜, ์œ„์น˜ ํŒŒํ˜•์ด๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 9(a)์ธ ์ „์••์œ„์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 9(b)์ธ ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์ด ๋™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋˜์–ด ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ์œ ํšจ์ „๋ ฅ์ด ์ถฉ์ „๋˜๊ณ , 0rad์—์„œ 1.5rad์œผ๋กœ ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 7. ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€์˜ ์ œ์–ด์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 5KHz์ผ ๋•Œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ : (a) ์ถฉ์ „ ์ „์••, (b) ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜

Fig. 7. Simulation results when half-bridge control frequency is 5KHz : (a) The charging voltage, (b) charging current

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.619/fig7.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 10์€ ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ 0ยฐ์™€ 30ยฐ์ผ ๋•Œ ์ƒ์ „๋ฅ˜, d-q์ถ• ์ „๋ฅ˜, ํ† ํฌํŒŒํ˜•์ด๋‹ค. ํ† ํฌํŒŒํ˜•์€ d-q์ถ• ์ „๋ฅ˜์™€ ์ˆ˜์‹(5)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž์†์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ƒ์‡„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐ ์ƒ์˜ ์ „๋ฅ˜ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ์ „๋ฅ˜ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด d-q์ถ• ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 10(b)์ผ ๋•Œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 10(a)์ผ ๋•Œ ๋” ์ž‘์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ† ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ† ํฌ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจํ„ฐ๋Š” ํšŒ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ์ง„๋™์€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง„๋™์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ์ •์ง€ํ•œ ๊ฐ๋„๋กœ ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด, ์ž‘์€ ๋“€ํ‹ฐ์™€ ๋ฐ๋“œํƒ€์ž„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ๋กœ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ํ† ํฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ๋ชจํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ง„๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ์ตœ์†Œ ์ง„๋™์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งž์ถ˜ ๋’ค, ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด์ œํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ์ตœ์†Œ์˜ ์ง„๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์ถฉ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 8. ์‹คํ—˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ

Fig. 8. Experiment environment

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.619/fig8.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 9. ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ : (a) ์ถฉ์ „์ „์••, (b) ์ถฉ์ „์ „๋ฅ˜, (c) ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ

Fig. 9. Experiment result : (a) charging voltage, (b) charging current, (c) electric angle of rotor

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.619/fig9.png

๊ทธ๋ฆผ. 10. ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ƒ์ „๋ฅ˜, d-q์ถ• ์ „๋ฅ˜, ํ† ํฌ :(a) $\theta_{e}$= 0ยฐ, (b) $\theta_{e}$= 30ยฐ

Fig. 10. Phase current, d-q current and Torque according to rotor position : (a) $\theta_{e}$= 0ยฐ, (b) $\theta_{e}$= 30ยฐ

../../Resources/kiee/KIEE.2021.70.4.619/fig10.png

5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๊ธฐ์กด์˜ OBC๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ํŠธ๋žœ์Šคํฌ๋จธ, ์ •๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ, ์Šค์œ„์น˜ ๋“ฑ ๋งŽ์€ ์†Œ์ž๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์ฆ๊ฐ€, ํฐ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ œํ•œ, ๋น„์šฉ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ ๋‹จ์ ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์ ๋“ค์€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ์—ฐ๋น„ ๋ฐ ํšจ์œจ์— ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ„์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ชจํ„ฐ ๊ตฌ๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ์™€ ๋ชจํ„ฐ ๊ถŒ์„ ์— ํ•˜ํ”„๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ IGBT๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ˆ˜์‹์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ „๋ฅ˜์ œ์–ด ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ฐ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ ๋ฐ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ตฌ๋™ ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ ๋ชจํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ํ™•๋ณด ๋ฐ ๋น„์šฉ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ ํšŒ์ „์ž์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ง„๋™์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ์œ„์น˜์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์ถฉ์ „๋ชจ๋“ˆ์€ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ ๋ณด์™„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฆฌ์•กํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๋น„์šฉ ๋ฐ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์— ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๋ฅ˜๋ฆฌํ”Œ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ถฉ์ „ ์‹œ, ํšŒ์ „์ž ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ง„๋™ ๋ถ„์„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2020๋…„๋„ ์ •๋ถ€(๊ต์œก๋ถ€)์˜ ์žฌ์›์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์—…์ž„ (No. 2020R1I1A3A04036842)

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์ €์ž์†Œ๊ฐœ

๊น€๊ฒฝ์ผ (Gyeong-Il Kim)
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2019๋…„: ๊ฒฝ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€(ํ•™์‚ฌ)

2019๋…„ ~ ํ˜„์žฌ: ๊ฒฝ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€(์„์‚ฌ)

E-mail : ruddlf0222@naver.com

ํ™ฉ๋Œ€์—ฐ (Dae-Yeon Hwang)
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2017๋…„: ๊ฒฝ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€(ํ•™์‚ฌ)

2019๋…„: ๊ฒฝ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€(์„์‚ฌ)

2019๋…„ ~ ํ˜„์žฌ: ๊ฒฝ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)

E-mail : gkxkak1@knu.ac.kr

๊ตฌ๋ณธ๊ด€ (Bon-Gwan Gu)
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2005๋…„: ํฌํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ „๊ธฐ์ „์ž(๊ณตํ•™๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)

2005๋…„ ~ 2007๋…„: LG์ „์ž

2007๋…„ ~ 2014๋…„: ์ „์ž๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›

2014๋…„ ~ ํ˜„์žฌ: ๊ฒฝ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€

E-mail : bggu@knu.ac.kr